How to Draw a Cat

පියවරෙන් පියවර

1. පියවර 1

   එය උස වඩා කුඩා පුළුල් වෘත්තයක් අඳින්න.

   Almost every animal head starts as one simple shape, and getting it slightly wide rather than perfectly round is what stops a cat reading as a human. Draw it in one motion rather than in short careful passes - a lopsided circle drawn confidently is more use to you than a perfect one built out of twelve nervous strokes, because everything after this gets measured against it.

   බලාගෙන Making it small so there is room for the body. The head is the whole drawing here; use the space.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න It should be noticeably wider than it is tall - about one and a tenth.

2. පියවර 2

   වෘත්තය මැද හරහා කෙලින්ම ආලෝකය රේඛාව අඳින්න.

   This is the eye line, and it is the single most useful mark in the drawing. Eyes sit almost exactly halfway down a head - on cats and on people - but almost everybody places them much too high, because we think of eyes as being near the top of a face. Putting the line down before the eyes stops you guessing.

   බලාගෙන Drawing it a third of the way down instead of halfway. Measure it: top edge to line should equal line to chin.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Fold the distance in half by eye. The line should sit on the fold.

3. පියවර 3

   දෙවන ආලෝක රේඛාව මැදට කෙලින්ම පහළට අඳින්න.

   The vertical centre line keeps the two halves of the face agreeing with each other. Without it, one eye drifts wider than the other and the nose ends up off to one side - and because the error creeps in gradually you will not notice until the face is finished and looks subtly wrong.

   බලාගෙන Skipping this because the face looks symmetrical already. It will not be by step 8.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න The two lines should cross at the centre of the circle.

4. පියවර 4

   වම් කන වටය මත වාඩි ත්‍රිකෝණය ලෙස අඳින්න.

   The base of the ear belongs on the circle's edge, not floating above it. A cat's ears grow out of the skull, so the triangle should look like it is part of the head rather than balanced on top of it. Start the base inside the outline and let the sides rise from there.

   බලාගෙන Perching the ears above the head with a gap underneath. That reads as a hat.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න The bottom corners of the triangle should both touch or cross the circle.

5. පියවර 5

   මීට අමතරව පාදයේ පාදම ඍජු වන අතර, එය පිටතට යොමුව ඇත.

   Compare it to the one you just drew rather than to your idea of an ear: same height, same lean, same distance from the centre line. This is the comparison habit that fixes proportion generally, and a pair of ears is the easiest place to practise it because the error is obvious once you look for it.

   බලාගෙන Making the second ear smaller. It usually happens because your hand is more cramped on that side.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Both ear tips should be about the same distance above the circle.

6. පියවර 6

   මැද රේඛාව මත ඇස් දෙකක් අඳින්න, එක් ඇස් පළල වෙන්.

   The gap between a cat's eyes is about one eye wide. That single measurement does more for the likeness than the shape of the eyes themselves, so place them before you worry about how they look. Sit them ON the line rather than above it.

   බලාගෙන Putting the eyes too close together, which makes the face read as a kitten or a person rather than a cat.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න You should be able to fit one more eye exactly in the gap.

7. පියවර 7

   එක් එක් ඇසෙහි සිරස් කැපීම ශිෂ්‍යයකු ඇඳින්න.

   The slit pupil is the thing that makes it unmistakably a cat rather than a dog or a bear. Keep both slits vertical and the same width - in bright light they are thin, in low light they widen to almost fill the eye, so either is correct as long as the two match.

   බලාගෙන Drawing round pupils, or two slits at different angles.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Cover one eye with a finger. The other should look the same.

8. පියවර 8

   නාසය සඳහා කුඩා ත්‍රිකෝණයක් එකතු කරන්න, මධ්යම රේඛාව මත.

   The nose sits about halfway between the eye line and the chin, and it points down. Keep it small - a nose drawn too large is the second most common reason a cat face reads as a dog, after a snout that is too long.

   බලාගෙන Drawing it level with the bottom of the eyes. It belongs lower, in the gap between eyes and chin.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න It should sit on the vertical line, with equal space either side.

9. පියවර 9

   නහයෙන් පහලට හා එලියට වක්‍ර දෙකක් අඳින්න, පුළුල් W එකක් වගේ.

   This is the mouth, and the shape is two shallow curves rather than one line. Both start at the bottom point of the nose. Keep them shallow - deep curves turn a neutral cat into a grinning one, which is a fine choice but should be a choice.

   බලාගෙන Starting the curves from the sides of the nose instead of its bottom point.

   පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Both curves should meet exactly at the nose tip.

10. පියවර 10

    මුඛය අඳින්න: මුඛයේ දෙපස මෘදු බම්බු දෙකක් අඳින්න.

    The whisker pads are what give a cat its rounded, slightly smug lower face, and beginners almost always leave them out - which is why a drawn cat can have every feature in the right place and still look flat. Keep them low and wide.

    බලාගෙන Making them too small, so the face stays flat.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න They should sit below the nose and overlap the mouth curves.

11. පියවර 11

    නහය පැත්තෙන් වම් පැත්තට බෙල්ල තුනක් අඳින්න.

    Whiskers grow from the whisker pads, not from the outline of the face - that is the detail that makes them look attached rather than drawn on. Fan them out at different angles and let them run past the edge of the head. One confident stroke each.

    බලාගෙන Starting them at the edge of the face, which makes them look like scratches on the paper.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න All three should begin inside the muzzle bumps.

12. පියවර 12

    ගැලපෙන ලෙස දකුණු පස බෙල්ල තුනක් අඳින්න.

    Match the angles rather than the exact lengths - real whiskers are uneven, and identical ones look printed. Again, one stroke each, and let your hand move from the shoulder rather than the fingers so the lines stay straight.

    බලාගෙන Drawing these more carefully than the left side, so the two halves have visibly different line quality.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Step back. The whiskers should read as a fan, not a comb.

13. පියවර 13

    එක් එක් කන තුළ කුඩා ත්‍රිකෝණයක් අඳින්න.

    The inner ear sits slightly forward of centre and does not reach the tip. Leaving a margin of outer ear all the way around is what gives the ear thickness - fill it to the edges and the ear goes flat.

    බලාගෙන Drawing the inner triangle all the way to the ear tip.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න There should be a visible border of outer ear on every side.

14. පියවර 14

    සෑම කන්පෙති දිගේ කෙටි ලොම් සලකුණු කිහිපයක් එකතු කරන්න, ඉඟි.

    Fur is suggested, never drawn hair by hair. A handful of short strokes breaking the outline at the cheeks is enough for the eye to fill in the rest, and it stops the head reading as a hard circle. Point them the way the fur grows - outward and slightly down.

    බලාගෙන Adding fur all the way around the head, which turns the silhouette to fuzz.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න Only the cheeks should be broken up. The top of the head stays smooth.

15. පියවර 15

    ඔයාට තියාගන්න ඕනේ රේඛා වලට යන්න, සහ මඟ පෙන්වීම් දෙක නැති කරගන්න.

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the step most people skip. Press harder on the outline, the ears and the eyes; leave the fur and whiskers light. That difference in line weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    බලාගෙන Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    පරීක්ෂා කරන්න The outline and eyes should be clearly darker than the whiskers.