How to Draw an Ice Cream Cone

Samm-sammult

1. Samm 1

   Joonista pikk õhuke kolmnurk, punkt alla.

   Not too narrow - the opening at the top should be about as wide as one scoop of ice cream, and about half as wide as the triangle is tall. A cone that is too thin reads as a party hat immediately.

   Vaata ette. Making the triangle too narrow and too long.

   Kontrolli The triangle should be roughly twice as tall as it is wide.

2. Samm 2

   Sulge ülemine osa madala kõveraga, mitte sirge joonega.

   The opening of a cone is a circle seen at an angle, so it curves. Which way it curves tells the viewer whether they are looking slightly down into the cone or up at it - pick one and commit.

   Vaata ette. A straight line across the top, which flattens the whole cone.

   Kontrolli The top should be a visible curve.

3. Samm 3

   Joonista alumine kühvel ringina, mis kattub koonuse avamisega.

   It has to sit ON the cone, which means its lower edge disappears behind the cone's rim. If the circle merely touches the top of the cone, the ice cream will look balanced there rather than resting in it.

   Vaata ette. A circle that sits on top of the rim without crossing it.

   Kontrolli The circle should cross the cone's top curve.

4. Samm 4

   Lisa ülemine kulp, kattub esimesega.

   Slightly smaller, and offset to one side rather than balanced dead centre - two scoops stacked perfectly reads as a snowman. Let it cross in front of the lower scoop's outline.

   Vaata ette. Perfectly centred scoops of identical size.

   Kontrolli The top scoop should be off-centre and slightly smaller.

5. Samm 5

   Kustutage esikujude taha peidetud jooned.

   This is the step that turns three separate shapes into one object. Anything behind something else goes: the cone rim behind the scoop, the bottom scoop where the top one covers it. Overlap only works once you commit to it.

   Vaata ette. Leaving the construction lines visible, which makes everything look transparent.

   Kontrolli No line should cross in front of a shape that is nearer to you.

6. Samm 6

   Tee kühvel servad konarlik mitte täiesti ringi.

   Go round each circle and add three or four shallow bumps. Ice cream is soft and slumps; a perfectly circular scoop reads as a tennis ball, and the fix costs about ten seconds.

   Vaata ette. Making the bumps regular, which looks like a flower.

   Kontrolli The outline should be uneven but still clearly round.

7. Samm 7

   Joonista vahvlivõrk: siledad jooned ühel viisil, siis teisel viisil.

   Both sets of lines curve with the cone, and they get closer together as the cone narrows toward the point. Lines drawn on a curved surface must curve - that single idea is worth more than the cone is.

   Vaata ette. A flat straight grid, which makes the cone look like a piece of graph paper.

   Kontrolli The grid lines should be closer together near the point.

8. Samm 8

   Valige valgussuund ja varjuta iga kulbi üks külg.

   A scoop is a ball, so it is light on the side facing the light and dark on the other, with the darkest part just inside the edge rather than at it. Shade both scoops from the same side or they will look like separate drawings.

   Vaata ette. Shading each scoop from a different direction.

   Kontrolli The shadow should be on the same side of both scoops.

9. Samm 9

   Pane vari, kus ülemine kulp vastab alumisele.

   Wherever one thing sits on another it casts a small shadow there, and that little dark crescent is what makes the top scoop sit ON the bottom one rather than beside it. Same at the cone's rim.

   Vaata ette. No contact shadows, so the scoops read as flat circles arranged on a page.

   Kontrolli There should be a dark crescent at every place two shapes meet.

10. Samm 10

    Varja koonus, tumedaim samal pool kühveldisi.

    A cone is a cylinder that tapers, so it shades the same way: dark on the shadow side, with a thin lighter strip right at the edge where light bounces back up. Keep the strokes following the cone's slope.

    Vaata ette. Shading straight up and down, ignoring the cone's angle.

    Kontrolli Your strokes should follow the sloping side of the cone.

11. Samm 11

    Mine üle ridade, mida sa tahad hoida, ja kaota teejuhid.

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    Vaata ette. Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    Kontrolli The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.