How to Draw a Mug

ก้าวต่อก้าว

1. ก้าว 1

   วางตาไว้ตรงนั้น แล้วทำเครื่องหมาย

   Everything about the ellipses follows from this. If the mug is below your eye level you will see into it; if it is level you will not. Make the decision consciously now rather than letting it drift halfway through the drawing.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Not deciding, then drawing a rim that contradicts the base.

   ตรวจสอบ You should be able to say whether you are looking down into this mug or across at it.

2. ก้าว 2

   วาดขอบเป็นรูปวงกลม ด้วยการเคลื่อนไหวที่รวดเร็ว

   Go round three or four times without stopping and keep the best pass. Speed is what makes an ellipse smooth - drawn slowly it comes out lumpy on one side every single time, because your hand cannot hold a curve at low speed.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Building it out of short careful arcs.

   ตรวจสอบ It should be symmetrical about its own long axis.

3. ก้าว 3

   วาดด้านซ้ายและขวาลงมาตรงๆ ทำให้มันคดเคี้ยวลงมานิดหน่อย

   Start exactly at the ends of the ellipse's long axis. A slight taper inward looks more natural than perfectly parallel sides, and it is what most real mugs do.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Starting the sides inside or outside the rim, which leaves a visible step.

   ตรวจสอบ Each side should begin exactly at the widest point of the rim.

4. ก้าว 4

   ปิดส่วนล่างด้วยรูปวงกลม รอบกว่าส่วนบนนิดหน่อย

   The base is further from your eye level than the rim, so it is rounder. Same width, more curve. Getting this relationship right is the difference between a mug that sits on the table and one that appears to be sliding off it.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Drawing the base flatter than the rim, or as a straight line.

   ตรวจสอบ Rounder than the rim, and exactly the same width.

5. ก้าว 5

   เพิ่มโค้งที่2เข้าไปในขอบ

   This thin band is the thickness of the ceramic, and it is what makes the top read as an opening rather than a painted disc. One stroke, following the rim's curve.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Drawing it parallel all the way round instead of following the ellipse.

   ตรวจสอบ There should be a visible band between the two curves at the front.

6. ก้าว 6

   วาดเส้นโค้งด้านนอกของตัวควบคุม

   Start just below the rim and end about two-thirds of the way down the side. Both ends must touch the mug - a handle that floats beside the body is the most common error here and it is instantly visible.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Leaving a gap where the handle meets the mug.

   ตรวจสอบ Both ends of the curve should touch the side of the mug.

7. ก้าว 7

   เพิ่มความหนาของมือ ด้วยโค้งที่2ด้านใน

   A handle is a strap, not a wire. The inner curve runs parallel to the outer one and meets the mug slightly closer in at both ends. This is a small change that makes a large difference to how solid the mug looks.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Drawing the handle as a single line.

   ตรวจสอบ There should be a visible gap between the two handle curves.

8. ก้าว 8

   ทำเครื่องหมายที่แสงมาจาก

   Pick a side and commit. A cylinder shades differently from a sphere - the darkest band sits just inside the edge on the shadow side, not at the very edge, because light bounces back up off the table onto the rim.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Shading the very edge darkest, which makes the mug look flat.

   ตรวจสอบ You should be able to say which side is lit.

9. ก้าว 9

   ปิดฝาถ้วยให้แน่นๆ

   Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.

   ระวังตัวด้วย Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.

   ตรวจสอบ The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.

10. ก้าว 10

    เพิ่มแถบสีอ่อนๆ ตรงขอบด้านเงา

    Light bouncing off the table catches the very edge of a cylinder, so the darkest band sits slightly INSIDE the outline. Leaving that thin lighter strip is what makes the mug read as round rather than as a shaded rectangle.

    ระวังตัวด้วย Running the shading right up to the outline.

    ตรวจสอบ There should be a thin lighter line between your shading and the edge.

11. ก้าว 11

    เพิ่มเงาลงบนพื้นผิวด้านล่าง

    The cast shadow is darkest where it touches the mug and softens as it moves away. It also anchors the object to a surface - without it the mug floats, however well you have shaded it.

    ระวังตัวด้วย Drawing it as an even grey blob detached from the object.

    ตรวจสอบ It should touch the object and be darkest at that contact point.

12. ก้าว 12

    ไปที่เส้นที่คุณต้องการที่จะเก็บไว้ และสูญเสียแนวทาง

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    ระวังตัวด้วย Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    ตรวจสอบ The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.