How to Draw a Book

ପଦକ୍ଷେପ କ୍ରମେ

1. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 1

   ମଧ୍ଯରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଛୋଟ ରେଖା ଭାବରେ ସ୍ପାଇନକୁ ଆଙ୍କନ୍ତୁ।

   Everything hangs off this. The spine is the hinge, and both page halves are measured from it - which is why drawing it first stops the book coming out bent.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Starting with a page and adding the spine afterwards.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ It should be vertical and near the middle of your page.

2. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 2

   ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପୃଷ୍ଠାର ଉପର ଅଂଶକୁ ଅଙ୍କନ କରନ୍ତୁ, ଗୋଟିଏ ଅନ୍ୟଟିକୁ ସମାନ ଭାବରେ ଆଙ୍ଗୁଳିରେ ଟେକିଥାଏ।

   These are the edges going away from you, so they converge. Not dramatically - a few degrees is enough. This single detail is what separates a box from a folded rectangle.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing them parallel, or worse, diverging.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Extended, the two lines should eventually meet.

3. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 3

   ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପୃଷ୍ଠାକୁ ଗୋଟିଏ ବାହ୍ୟ ସର୍ଭର ସହିତ ବନ୍ଦ କରନ୍ତୁ ଯାହାକି ଆପଣଙ୍କୁ ଫେରି ଆସୁଛି ।

   These are the short edges of the covers. Keep them roughly the same length as each other - the two halves of an open book are the same size, and any difference reads as a mistake rather than as perspective.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Making one cover visibly longer than the other.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Both outer edges should be about the same length.

4. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 4

   ବାହ୍ୟ ପ୍ରାନ୍ତକୁ ସ୍ପାଇନ ତଳଭାଗକୁ ଫେରାଇ ନିଅନ୍ତୁ ।

   This closes the two page shapes. Corners must actually meet - overshoot slightly and let the lines cross rather than aiming to stop exactly on the point, because a crossed corner reads as closed and a gap does not.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Stopping just short, leaving four small gaps.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Every corner should be closed or slightly crossed.

5. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 5

   ଢାଲ ଅଙ୍କନ କରନ୍ତୁ: ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ବାହ୍ୟ କୋଣରୁ ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ରେଖାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ତଳକୁ ଆଣନ୍ତୁ।

   A book is a solid, not a sheet. These three short verticals turn the flat shape into a box, and they must all be the same length - unequal ones make the book look warped.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Making the three drop lines different lengths.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ All three verticals should measure the same.

6. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 6

   ତଳଭାଗ ବନ୍ଦ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ସେହି ରେଖାଗୁଡ଼ିକର ତଳଭାଗକୁ ଯୋଗକରନ୍ତୁ ।

   Now the box is complete. These lines run parallel to the edges directly above them - if they do not, the thickness of the book changes along its length, which is the classic wobbly-box look.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing these at a different angle from the edges above.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Each bottom edge should run parallel to the one above it.

7. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 7

   ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ଧାରାରେ ଦୁଇ କିମ୍ବା ତିନିଟି ସଂକ୍ଷିପ୍ତ ରେଖା ଭାବରେ ପୃଷ୍ଠା ସ୍ତମ୍ଭକୁ ଯୋଗ କରନ୍ତୁ।

   Pages read as a stack, not a slab. Two or three lines following the cover edge is enough for the eye to fill in hundreds - drawing more just makes it look hatched.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing one hard line, which reads as solid wood.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ You should see distinct layers, not a filled band.

8. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 8

   ସ୍ପାଇନ ପାଖରୁ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ପୃଷ୍ଠାରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ସୀମିତ ବ୍ଯସ୍ତତା ଆଙ୍କନ୍ତୁ।

   Open pages are not flat - they dip toward the spine. Adding that curve is the difference between an open book and two flat cards taped together, and it takes one stroke each side.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Leaving the pages perfectly flat.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Each page should dip slightly as it approaches the spine.

9. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 9

   ପୃଷ୍ଠା କୋଣ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ପାଠ୍ୟ ରେଖାଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଯୋଗ କରନ୍ତୁ।

   Text lines run parallel to the top edge of the page they sit on, which means they are NOT horizontal - they lean with the perspective. Drawing them level is the fastest way to flatten a book you have just built.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing the text lines horizontally.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ The text lines should lean the same way as the page's top edge.

10. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 10

    ବହିର ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱକୁ ଆଲୋକରୁ ଦୂରେଇ ରଖିବା ପାଇଁ ଛାୟା କରନ୍ତୁ।

    Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.

11. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 11

    ତଳ ପୃଷ୍ଠରେ ଛାୟା ଯୋଗକରନ୍ତୁ।

    The cast shadow is darkest where it touches the book and softens as it moves away. It also anchors the object to a surface - without it the book floats, however well you have shaded it.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing it as an even grey blob detached from the object.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ It should touch the object and be darkest at that contact point.

12. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 12

    ଆପଣ ରଖିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଥିବା ରେଖାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଉପରେ ଯାଆନ୍ତୁ, ଏବଂ ପଥପ୍ରଦର୍ଶକଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ହରାଇଦିଅନ୍ତୁ ।

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.