How to Draw a Mug

ପଦକ୍ଷେପ କ୍ରମେ

1. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 1

   ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଆଖିର ସ୍ତର ନିର୍ଦ୍ଧାରଣ କରନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ଏହାକୁ ଚିହ୍ନଟ କରନ୍ତୁ ।

   Everything about the ellipses follows from this. If the mug is below your eye level you will see into it; if it is level you will not. Make the decision consciously now rather than letting it drift halfway through the drawing.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Not deciding, then drawing a rim that contradicts the base.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ You should be able to say whether you are looking down into this mug or across at it.

2. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 2

   ଗୋଟିଏ ଦ୍ରୁତ ଗତିରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଦୀର୍ଘଚକ୍ର ପରି ରେଖାକୁ ଆଙ୍କନ୍ତୁ।

   Go round three or four times without stopping and keep the best pass. Speed is what makes an ellipse smooth - drawn slowly it comes out lumpy on one side every single time, because your hand cannot hold a curve at low speed.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Building it out of short careful arcs.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ It should be symmetrical about its own long axis.

3. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 3

   ଦୁଇଟି ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱକୁ ସିଧାସଳଖ ତଳକୁ ଆଙ୍କନ୍ତୁ, ସାମାନ୍ୟ ଢେର ଢେର କରି।

   Start exactly at the ends of the ellipse's long axis. A slight taper inward looks more natural than perfectly parallel sides, and it is what most real mugs do.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Starting the sides inside or outside the rim, which leaves a visible step.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Each side should begin exactly at the widest point of the rim.

4. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 4

   ତଳକୁ ବନ୍ଦ କରନ୍ତୁ, ଉପରଠାରୁ ସାମାନ୍ୟ ବର୍ଦ୍ଧିତ ଏକ ବୃହତ୍ତାକାର ସହିତ।

   The base is further from your eye level than the rim, so it is rounder. Same width, more curve. Getting this relationship right is the difference between a mug that sits on the table and one that appears to be sliding off it.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing the base flatter than the rim, or as a straight line.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Rounder than the rim, and exactly the same width.

5. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 5

   ରେଖା ଭିତରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ବ୍ଯାସକକୁ ଯୋଗକରନ୍ତୁ ।

   This thin band is the thickness of the ceramic, and it is what makes the top read as an opening rather than a painted disc. One stroke, following the rim's curve.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing it parallel all the way round instead of following the ellipse.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ There should be a visible band between the two curves at the front.

6. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 6

   ହ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡଲର ବାହ୍ୟ ବ୍ଯସ୍ତତାକୁ ଆଙ୍କନ୍ତୁ।

   Start just below the rim and end about two-thirds of the way down the side. Both ends must touch the mug - a handle that floats beside the body is the most common error here and it is instantly visible.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Leaving a gap where the handle meets the mug.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ Both ends of the curve should touch the side of the mug.

7. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 7

   ଗୋଟିଏ ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ବ୍ଯସ୍ତତା ସହିତ ହ୍ୟାଣ୍ଡଲକୁ ଘୁଞ୍ଚାଇବା ପାଇଁ ଘୁଞ୍ଚାଇବାକୁ ଦିଅନ୍ତୁ।

   A handle is a strap, not a wire. The inner curve runs parallel to the outer one and meets the mug slightly closer in at both ends. This is a small change that makes a large difference to how solid the mug looks.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing the handle as a single line.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ There should be a visible gap between the two handle curves.

8. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 8

   ଆଲୋକ କେଉଁଠୁ ଆସୁଛି ତାହା ଚିହ୍ନଟ କରନ୍ତୁ ।

   Pick a side and commit. A cylinder shades differently from a sphere - the darkest band sits just inside the edge on the shadow side, not at the very edge, because light bounces back up off the table onto the rim.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Shading the very edge darkest, which makes the mug look flat.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ You should be able to say which side is lit.

9. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 9

   ମୁଗର ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱକୁ ଆଲୋକରୁ ଦୂରେଇ ରଖିବା ପାଇଁ ଛାୟା କରନ୍ତୁ।

   Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.

   ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.

   ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.

10. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 10

    ଛାୟା-ପାର୍ଶ୍ୱ ଶେଷଭାଗରେ ଗୋଟିଏ ଆଲୋକିତ ପଟି ଯୋଗକରନ୍ତୁ।

    Light bouncing off the table catches the very edge of a cylinder, so the darkest band sits slightly INSIDE the outline. Leaving that thin lighter strip is what makes the mug read as round rather than as a shaded rectangle.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Running the shading right up to the outline.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ There should be a thin lighter line between your shading and the edge.

11. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 11

    ତଳ ପୃଷ୍ଠରେ ଛାୟା ଯୋଗକରନ୍ତୁ।

    The cast shadow is darkest where it touches the mug and softens as it moves away. It also anchors the object to a surface - without it the mug floats, however well you have shaded it.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Drawing it as an even grey blob detached from the object.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ It should touch the object and be darkest at that contact point.

12. ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ 12

    ଆପଣ ରଖିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁଥିବା ରେଖାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଉପରେ ଯାଆନ୍ତୁ, ଏବଂ ପଥପ୍ରଦର୍ଶକଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ହରାଇଦିଅନ୍ତୁ ।

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    ସଜାଗ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    ଯାଞ୍ଚ କରନ୍ତୁ The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.