How to Draw a Mug

படிப்படியாக

1. படி 1

   உங்கள் கண் நிலை மற்றும் குறிக்க முடிவு.

   Everything about the ellipses follows from this. If the mug is below your eye level you will see into it; if it is level you will not. Make the decision consciously now rather than letting it drift halfway through the drawing.

   கவனமாக Not deciding, then drawing a rim that contradicts the base.

   சரிபார் You should be able to say whether you are looking down into this mug or across at it.

2. படி 2

   ஒரு நீள்வட்டமாக ஓரத்தை வரையவும், ஒரே வேகமான நகர்வில்.

   Go round three or four times without stopping and keep the best pass. Speed is what makes an ellipse smooth - drawn slowly it comes out lumpy on one side every single time, because your hand cannot hold a curve at low speed.

   கவனமாக Building it out of short careful arcs.

   சரிபார் It should be symmetrical about its own long axis.

3. படி 3

   இரண்டு பக்கங்களிலும் கீழே நேராக வரையவும், சிறிய அளவில் தடிமனாக.

   Start exactly at the ends of the ellipse's long axis. A slight taper inward looks more natural than perfectly parallel sides, and it is what most real mugs do.

   கவனமாக Starting the sides inside or outside the rim, which leaves a visible step.

   சரிபார் Each side should begin exactly at the widest point of the rim.

4. படி 4

   Close the bottom with an ellipse slightly rounder than the top.

   The base is further from your eye level than the rim, so it is rounder. Same width, more curve. Getting this relationship right is the difference between a mug that sits on the table and one that appears to be sliding off it.

   கவனமாக Drawing the base flatter than the rim, or as a straight line.

   சரிபார் Rounder than the rim, and exactly the same width.

5. படி 5

   இரண்டாவது வளைவை சேர்

   This thin band is the thickness of the ceramic, and it is what makes the top read as an opening rather than a painted disc. One stroke, following the rim's curve.

   கவனமாக Drawing it parallel all the way round instead of following the ellipse.

   சரிபார் There should be a visible band between the two curves at the front.

6. படி 6

   கையாளுபவரின் வெளி வளைவை வரைக.

   Start just below the rim and end about two-thirds of the way down the side. Both ends must touch the mug - a handle that floats beside the body is the most common error here and it is instantly visible.

   கவனமாக Leaving a gap where the handle meets the mug.

   சரிபார் Both ends of the curve should touch the side of the mug.

7. படி 7

   இரண்டாவது வளைவு உள்ளே இருக்கும் கையாளும் அடர்த்தியை கொடுக்கவும்.

   A handle is a strap, not a wire. The inner curve runs parallel to the outer one and meets the mug slightly closer in at both ends. This is a small change that makes a large difference to how solid the mug looks.

   கவனமாக Drawing the handle as a single line.

   சரிபார் There should be a visible gap between the two handle curves.

8. படி 8

   ஒளி எங்கிருந்து வருகிறது குறிக்கவும்.

   Pick a side and commit. A cylinder shades differently from a sphere - the darkest band sits just inside the edge on the shadow side, not at the very edge, because light bounces back up off the table onto the rim.

   கவனமாக Shading the very edge darkest, which makes the mug look flat.

   சரிபார் You should be able to say which side is lit.

9. படி 9

   ஒளியிலிருந்து வெளியே குவளை பக்கம் நிழல்.

   Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.

   கவனமாக Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.

   சரிபார் The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.

10. படி 10

    நிழல் பக்க எல்லையில் ஒரு மெல்லிய பட்டை சேர்.

    Light bouncing off the table catches the very edge of a cylinder, so the darkest band sits slightly INSIDE the outline. Leaving that thin lighter strip is what makes the mug read as round rather than as a shaded rectangle.

    கவனமாக Running the shading right up to the outline.

    சரிபார் There should be a thin lighter line between your shading and the edge.

11. படி 11

    கீழ் மட்டத்தில் நிழலை சேர்

    The cast shadow is darkest where it touches the mug and softens as it moves away. It also anchors the object to a surface - without it the mug floats, however well you have shaded it.

    கவனமாக Drawing it as an even grey blob detached from the object.

    சரிபார் It should touch the object and be darkest at that contact point.

12. படி 12

    நீங்கள் வைத்திருக்க விரும்பும் வரிகளைக் கடந்து செல்லவும், வழிகாட்டிகளை இழக்கவும்.

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    கவனமாக Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    சரிபார் The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.