60 second warm-up Ellipses
Wheels, cups, plates, bottles, eyes and hats are all the same problem. Get ellipses right and a whole category of drawing stops being hard.
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An ellipse is a circle seen at an angle, and the rule that fixes almost everybody's is this: how round it looks depends entirely on how far it is from your eye level. Level with your eyes, a circle is a straight line. Flat on the floor below you, it is nearly a circle again. Everything in between is an ellipse.
The second rule is mechanical rather than conceptual. A good ellipse is drawn fast, going round several times in one continuous motion, and then you keep the best pass. Drawn slowly, an ellipse comes out lumpy on one side every single time, because your hand cannot maintain a smooth curve at low speed.
This is the highest-transfer practice on the site. It shows up in mugs, cars, tins, bottles, eyes, hats and every wheel you will ever draw.