How to Draw a Rose

Bước một bước

1. Bước 1

   Block in the big circle of the rose.

   Everything else gets measured against this, so draw it in one motion rather than in short careful passes. A slightly lopsided shape drawn confidently is more use than a perfect one built out of twelve nervous strokes, because you can correct a shape and you cannot un-see a hesitant line.

   Cẩn thận! Drawing it small to leave room for detail. The big shape is most of the drawing - use the space.

   Kiểm tra It should fill most of your page, with a margin all round.

2. Bước 2

   Draw a small loose spiral at the centre.

   Two turns, no more, and off-centre rather than dead middle - a real rose's core is rarely symmetrical. This spiral is the seed of the whole drawing and every petal you add later reads as wrapping around it.

   Cẩn thận! Making the spiral too big, which leaves no room for the layers.

   Kiểm tra The spiral should be roughly a fifth of the circle's width.

3. Bước 3

   Wrap the first two petals around the spiral.

   These are tight, small and mostly straight-edged - they hug the core. Each one starts behind the spiral and comes round in front of it, which is what makes the centre read as wound rather than as a doodle.

   Cẩn thận! Drawing them as separate shapes beside the spiral instead of around it.

   Kiểm tra At least one petal edge should pass in front of the spiral.

4. Bước 4

   Add a middle layer of three or four larger petals.

   Bigger, and starting to open. Each has a wide curving top edge and narrows toward the centre where it attaches. Vary them deliberately - three identical petals look manufactured, and a rose is never symmetrical.

   Cẩn thận! Spacing them evenly around the circle like the points of a compass.

   Kiểm tra No two petals in this layer should be the same size.

5. Bước 5

   Let one petal in the middle layer curl over at its top edge.

   A curled edge is the single most convincing thing in a rose drawing. Draw the top edge, then a second line just inside it that stops before the ends - that sliver is the underside of the petal showing through.

   Cẩn thận! Curling every petal, which cancels the effect out.

   Kiểm tra One petal should show a thin band of its own underside.

6. Bước 6

   Add the outer layer: four or five big, loose petals.

   These are the ones that flop. They are wider than they are tall, their edges are irregular, and some of them dip below the horizontal because gravity has got to them. Let them break outside your original circle in a couple of places.

   Cẩn thận! Keeping them neatly inside the construction circle, which makes the rose look inflated rather than open.

   Kiểm tra At least two petals should cross your circle guide.

7. Bước 7

   Break the outline: give the outer petals ragged edges.

   A rose petal edge is not smooth. Add two or three shallow notches to the outer silhouette - not a scalloped pattern, just enough irregularity that the eye stops reading it as a drawn arc.

   Cẩn thận! Making the notches regular, which looks like a doily.

   Kiểm tra The outline should be uneven, but still read as one round mass from arm's length.

8. Bước 8

   Draw the stem, coming out from behind the flower.

   From behind, not from underneath. A stem that starts at the bottom edge of the flower looks stuck on; one that disappears behind a petal looks attached. Give it a slight curve - straight stems look like wire.

   Cẩn thận! A perfectly vertical stem meeting the flower at its lowest point.

   Kiểm tra The stem should vanish behind a petal rather than touching the outline.

9. Bước 9

   Add the sepals and two leaves.

   Sepals are the small pointed leaves that clasp the base of the flower - three of them, splaying outward and slightly back. The leaves come off the stem at an angle, never opposite each other at the same height.

   Cẩn thận! Placing both leaves symmetrically, which reads as a logo.

   Kiểm tra The two leaves should be at different heights and different sizes.

10. Bước 10

    Pick a light direction and mark the darkest point: the centre.

    However the light falls, the middle of a rose is the darkest part of it, because it is buried under every layer of petals. That single dark note is what gives the flower depth, and it is the one place you can safely go very dark.

    Cẩn thận! Shading the outside dark and leaving the centre pale, which flattens the flower into a disc.

    Kiểm tra The centre should be the darkest area on the page.

11. Bước 11

    Shade under each petal edge that overlaps another.

    Every overlap casts a small shadow onto the petal behind it. These little wedges of dark are what separate the layers - without them the petals dissolve into each other, however accurate the outlines are.

    Cẩn thận! Shading whole petals evenly instead of just under the overlapping edges.

    Kiểm tra You should be able to tell which petal is in front anywhere they cross.

12. Bước 12

    Soften the edges on the far side of the flower.

    Edges that turn away from you are softer. Go back over the outlines on the shadow side and lighten them - smudge them if you are on paper. Three kinds of edge in one drawing - hard, soft, and lost where two darks merge - is the whole trick.

    Cẩn thận! Keeping every outline at the same crisp weight.

    Kiểm tra Squint at it. Some edges should disappear entirely.

13. Bước 13

    Shade the side of the stem away from the light.

    Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.

    Cẩn thận! Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.

    Kiểm tra The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.

14. Bước 14

    Go over the lines you want to keep, and lose the guides.

    This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.

    Cẩn thận! Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.

    Kiểm tra The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.