How to Draw a Crow

پړاو په پړاو

1. پړاو 1

   Start with the body - an egg, tipped forward.

   Nearly every bird is one egg-shaped mass with everything else attached to it. Draw the egg in one motion and let its tilt say what the bird is doing.

   پاملرنه Building the body from several small arcs.

   کتنه The body should be one smooth closed shape.

2. پړاو 2

   Place the head - much smaller than you think.

   Bird heads are smaller relative to the body than beginners expect - usually about a quarter of the body length. Measure against the egg before you commit.

   پاملرنه An oversized head, which turns the bird into a cartoon.

   کتنه About four head-widths should fit along the body.

3. پړاو 3

   Draw the neck on both sides.

   Even a short-necked bird has a neck: two curves joining head to body, front and back. Without them the head floats and the bird reads as a snowman.

   پاملرنه Leaving the head disconnected from the body.

   کتنه Both neck curves should touch head and body.

4. پړاو 4

   Add the beak.

   The beak grows out of the skull rather than sitting on its surface, and its angle continues the line of the head. Shape and size are the strongest species cues on the whole bird.

   پاملرنه Sticking the beak flat onto the front of the circle.

   کتنه The top edge of the beak should line up with the skull.

5. پړاو 5

   Put the eye in, high and forward.

   A bird's eye sits high and close to the beak. Small, dark, with one highlight - and its position matters far more than its rendering.

   پاملرنه Placing the eye centrally, which deadens the whole face.

   کتنه The eye should be nearer the beak than the back of the head.

6. پړاو 6

   Add the wing shape across the side.

   The folded wing lies ON the body, crossing its outline. That overlap is what attaches it - a wing drawn inside the body outline reads as a pattern, not a limb.

   پاملرنه Drawing the wing floating inside the silhouette.

   کتنه The wing should cross the body outline somewhere.

7. پړاو 7

   Mark the layers of feathers.

   Feathers come in groups, and the groups are what you draw - two or three curved rows, not individual feathers. The eye supplies the rest reliably.

   پاملرنه Drawing every feather, which turns the wing into a fence.

   کتنه You should count feather GROUPS, not feathers.

8. پړاو 8

   Draw the legs, set well back under the body.

   Legs attach much further back than they appear to, because the visible leg is really the bird's foot and ankle. Get the attachment point right and the balance follows.

   پاملرنه Legs planted centrally, which makes the bird tip forward.

   کتنه The legs should attach behind the middle of the egg.

9. پړاو 9

   Draw the tail as one shape, not separate feathers.

   The tail continues the body's line rather than being stuck on the end. Draw it as one shape - separate feathers come last if at all.

   پاملرنه A tail at war with the angle of the body.

   کتنه The tail's top edge should flow from the back line.

10. پړاو 10

    Shape the chest and underside.

    The breast is the fullest curve on the bird and it carries the pose. Round it generously - a flat chest makes any bird look deflated.

    پاملرنه A flat front, which loses the bird's volume.

    کتنه The chest should be the roundest curve on the drawing.

11. پړاو 11

    Draw the pattern this bird actually has.

    Markings follow the body's form - they curve as the body curves. Flat pattern drawn over a round form cancels all the volume you just built.

    پاملرنه Drawing the pattern flat, ignoring the curve underneath.

    کتنه Any stripe or patch should bend with the body.

12. پړاو 12

    Suggest the breast feathers - three or four V-marks.

    Three or four short V-marks down the breast, each curving with the chest rather than sitting flat, and the whole bird reads as feathered. They also confirm the body's roundness - marks on a form must bend with it, which is the same rule as every stripe and patch on the site.

    پاملرنه Covering the breast evenly, which turns the bird into a pinecone.

    کتنه The marks should bend the same way as the chest outline.

13. پړاو 13

    Put the surface in, and the shadow under the body.

    One line under the feet and one flattened shadow arc beneath the body, darkest between the legs. A bird with no ground floats in white space no matter how well it is built - and the shadow also confirms where the legs actually are, which birds hide well.

    پاملرنه Skipping it and leaving the bird hovering.

    کتنه The shadow should sit directly below the body's widest point.

14. پړاو 14

    Press harder on the final lines and erase the blocking-in.

    Weight the silhouette and the beak, keep the feather marks light, erase the construction. The contrast in line weight is what separates finished from traced.

    پاملرنه Uniform line weight over the whole bird.

    کتنه Silhouette darker than interior - check by squinting.