How to Draw a Penguin

પગલું દ્વારા પગલું

1. પગલું 1

   Lay in the body mass first, in one motion.

   Nearly every bird is one egg-shaped mass with everything else attached to it. Draw the egg in one motion and let its tilt say what the bird is doing.

   સાવચેત રહો Building the body from several small arcs.

   ચકાસો The body should be one smooth closed shape.

2. પગલું 2

   Add a small circle for the head.

   Bird heads are smaller relative to the body than beginners expect - usually about a quarter of the body length. Measure against the egg before you commit.

   સાવચેત રહો An oversized head, which turns the bird into a cartoon.

   ચકાસો About four head-widths should fit along the body.

3. પગલું 3

   Draw the neck on both sides.

   Even a short-necked bird has a neck: two curves joining head to body, front and back. Without them the head floats and the bird reads as a snowman.

   સાવચેત રહો Leaving the head disconnected from the body.

   ચકાસો Both neck curves should touch head and body.

4. પગલું 4

   Draw the bill.

   The beak grows out of the skull rather than sitting on its surface, and its angle continues the line of the head. Shape and size are the strongest species cues on the whole bird.

   સાવચેત રહો Sticking the beak flat onto the front of the circle.

   ચકાસો The top edge of the beak should line up with the skull.

5. પગલું 5

   Put the eye in, high and forward.

   A bird's eye sits high and close to the beak. Small, dark, with one highlight - and its position matters far more than its rendering.

   સાવચેત રહો Placing the eye centrally, which deadens the whole face.

   ચકાસો The eye should be nearer the beak than the back of the head.

6. પગલું 6

   Lay the wing over the body.

   The folded wing lies ON the body, crossing its outline. That overlap is what attaches it - a wing drawn inside the body outline reads as a pattern, not a limb.

   સાવચેત રહો Drawing the wing floating inside the silhouette.

   ચકાસો The wing should cross the body outline somewhere.

7. પગલું 7

   Suggest the feather layers.

   Feathers come in groups, and the groups are what you draw - two or three curved rows, not individual feathers. The eye supplies the rest reliably.

   સાવચેત રહો Drawing every feather, which turns the wing into a fence.

   ચકાસો You should count feather GROUPS, not feathers.

8. પગલું 8

   Draw the legs, set well back under the body.

   Legs attach much further back than they appear to, because the visible leg is really the bird's foot and ankle. Get the attachment point right and the balance follows.

   સાવચેત રહો Legs planted centrally, which makes the bird tip forward.

   ચકાસો The legs should attach behind the middle of the egg.

9. પગલું 9

   Put the tail feathers on.

   The tail continues the body's line rather than being stuck on the end. Draw it as one shape - separate feathers come last if at all.

   સાવચેત રહો A tail at war with the angle of the body.

   ચકાસો The tail's top edge should flow from the back line.

10. પગલું 10

    Draw the underside of the penguin.

    The breast is the fullest curve on the bird and it carries the pose. Round it generously - a flat chest makes any bird look deflated.

    સાવચેત રહો A flat front, which loses the bird's volume.

    ચકાસો The chest should be the roundest curve on the drawing.

11. પગલું 11

    Draw the pattern this bird actually has.

    Markings follow the body's form - they curve as the body curves. Flat pattern drawn over a round form cancels all the volume you just built.

    સાવચેત રહો Drawing the pattern flat, ignoring the curve underneath.

    ચકાસો Any stripe or patch should bend with the body.

12. પગલું 12

    Put a handful of feather ticks on the chest.

    Three or four short V-marks down the breast, each curving with the chest rather than sitting flat, and the whole bird reads as feathered. They also confirm the body's roundness - marks on a form must bend with it, which is the same rule as every stripe and patch on the site.

    સાવચેત રહો Covering the breast evenly, which turns the bird into a pinecone.

    ચકાસો The marks should bend the same way as the chest outline.

13. પગલું 13

    Draw the ground line and the shadow beneath the penguin.

    One line under the feet and one flattened shadow arc beneath the body, darkest between the legs. A bird with no ground floats in white space no matter how well it is built - and the shadow also confirms where the legs actually are, which birds hide well.

    સાવચેત રહો Skipping it and leaving the bird hovering.

    ચકાસો The shadow should sit directly below the body's widest point.

14. પગલું 14

    Press harder on the final lines and erase the blocking-in.

    Weight the silhouette and the beak, keep the feather marks light, erase the construction. The contrast in line weight is what separates finished from traced.

    સાવચેત રહો Uniform line weight over the whole bird.

    ચકાસો Silhouette darker than interior - check by squinting.