How to Draw a Book
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脊椎を中央に短い線で描く。
It should be vertical and near the middle of your page.
紙に描くの？
写真を整理して 紙も同じだ
この絵の情報
A book is a box, and boxes are the foundation of drawing anything man-made. Get a book right and you can draw a phone, a table, a building and a room, because they are the same problem at different sizes.
The rule that fixes almost everyone's box: the lines going away from you are not parallel on the page. They converge, slightly. Draw them parallel and the book looks like a badly folded piece of card.
ステップバイステップ
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ステップ 1
脊椎を中央に短い線で描く。
Everything hangs off this. The spine is the hinge, and both page halves are measured from it - which is why drawing it first stops the book coming out bent.
気をつけろ Starting with a page and adding the spine afterwards.
チェック It should be vertical and near the middle of your page.
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ステップ 2
各ページの上端を描き、少しずつ互いに傾ける。
These are the edges going away from you, so they converge. Not dramatically - a few degrees is enough. This single detail is what separates a box from a folded rectangle.
気をつけろ Drawing them parallel, or worse, diverging.
チェック Extended, the two lines should eventually meet.
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ステップ 3
外側の端が自分の方に向かって 閉じる
These are the short edges of the covers. Keep them roughly the same length as each other - the two halves of an open book are the same size, and any difference reads as a mistake rather than as perspective.
気をつけろ Making one cover visibly longer than the other.
チェック Both outer edges should be about the same length.
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ステップ 4
外側の端を 脊椎の底に戻して
This closes the two page shapes. Corners must actually meet - overshoot slightly and let the lines cross rather than aiming to stop exactly on the point, because a crossed corner reads as closed and a gap does not.
気をつけろ Stopping just short, leaving four small gaps.
チェック Every corner should be closed or slightly crossed.
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ステップ 5
厚さを描画します。各外側角から下に短い線を描画します。
A book is a solid, not a sheet. These three short verticals turn the flat shape into a box, and they must all be the same length - unequal ones make the book look warped.
気をつけろ Making the three drop lines different lengths.
チェック All three verticals should measure the same.
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ステップ 6
下の線を結んで 下の部分を閉じる
Now the box is complete. These lines run parallel to the edges directly above them - if they do not, the thickness of the book changes along its length, which is the classic wobbly-box look.
気をつけろ Drawing these at a different angle from the edges above.
チェック Each bottom edge should run parallel to the one above it.
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ステップ 7
ページスタックを各端に2つまたは3つの短い線で追加します。
Pages read as a stack, not a slab. Two or three lines following the cover edge is enough for the eye to fill in hundreds - drawing more just makes it look hatched.
気をつけろ Drawing one hard line, which reads as solid wood.
チェック You should see distinct layers, not a filled band.
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ステップ 8
背中の近くの各ページに わずかな曲線を描く
Open pages are not flat - they dip toward the spine. Adding that curve is the difference between an open book and two flat cards taped together, and it takes one stroke each side.
気をつけろ Leaving the pages perfectly flat.
チェック Each page should dip slightly as it approaches the spine.
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ステップ 9
ページの角度に従ってテキストの行を追加します。
Text lines run parallel to the top edge of the page they sit on, which means they are NOT horizontal - they lean with the perspective. Drawing them level is the fastest way to flatten a book you have just built.
気をつけろ Drawing the text lines horizontally.
チェック The text lines should lean the same way as the page's top edge.
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ステップ 10
本の側面を光から遮る。
Work in one direction rather than scrubbing back and forth. Scrubbing gives an even grey, which is exactly the thing that makes a drawing look flat, so lay the strokes the same way and build the darkness in passes.
気をつけろ Being too timid. Beginners routinely stop two or three steps short of dark enough.
チェック The dark side should be clearly darker than the mid tone, not slightly.
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ステップ 11
下の表面に影を追加します。
The cast shadow is darkest where it touches the book and softens as it moves away. It also anchors the object to a surface - without it the book floats, however well you have shaded it.
気をつけろ Drawing it as an even grey blob detached from the object.
チェック It should touch the object and be darkest at that contact point.
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ステップ 12
保持したい線を越えて ガイドを失う
This is the step that turns a construction drawing into a finished one, and it is the one most people skip. Press harder on the outline and the features; leave the small stuff light. That difference in weight is what makes a drawing look deliberate rather than traced, and it costs thirty seconds.
気をつけろ Going over everything at the same weight, which flattens the drawing back out.
チェック The outline should be clearly darker than the smallest details.
描かれるのを見て ステップバイステップ
上記のステップと同じで、空白ページから完成したスケッチまで順番に演奏します。
終わったようだ
すべてのガイドラインを消去し、保持する線のみを残す同じ図形。 もし、中央線とブロック形状が残っている場合は、これはまだ行われていないステップで、約 30 秒かかります。
あなたの図はこのようには見えません。 これは足場を取り除いた構造です。誰かが見事に描いた図ではありません。 ポイントは、あなたの線がガイドラインであることを示すことです。
これが教えてくれるのは
you draw a box, you can see the corners of the box in the real world. You can see the corners of the box in the real world, and you can see the corners of the box in the real world. You can see the corners of the box in the real world, and you can see the corners of the box in the real world. You can see the corners of the box in the real world, and you can see the corners of the box in the real world, and you can see the corners of the box in the real world, and you can see the corners.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard.It drills hard
これを実践してください： Line confidence Proportion Corners and joins
必要なもの
鉛筆を使うのは、形を軽く描くと、後でその線の半分を失うからです。本を机に置いて、このレッスンは、記憶よりも見るものがあれば、ずっと簡単です。
もし間違ってたら
the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first and build both halves off it.Draw the spine first and build both halves off it. If the spine is bent, draw the spine first.Draw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightlyDraw the box lightly
ステップを印刷
スクリーンから取り出して ステップシートは１ページ印刷されます
質問
- なぜ私の本は曲がって見えるの？
- 二つの半分は脊椎に異なる角度で接触します。まず脊椎を描き、それから両側を作成します。
- 辺は平行になるべきですか？
- いえ、あなたから離れた辺は少し収束します。平行な辺は、描かれた箱が間違って見える最も一般的な理由です。
- ページをどうやって描くの？
- 端に沿って短い線の積み重ねで、一本の硬い線ではありません。紙のように読むには二本か三本で十分です。
- 消えたポイントは必要か？
- これではありません 端を少しずつ傾ければ 正しく読めます
- 見えない部分を描くべきですか。
- 形を描くことで 角が合うようになる
- 開いた本か閉じた本か？
- このレッスンでは開いたものを描きます。閉じた本は同じ箱ですが、ステップが少ないので、直ぐに試してみてください。
- 角が並んでない
- これが実際のレッスンです。もう一度描いてみてください。角度の正確さは他のほとんどの描画スキルよりも速く向上します。
- これから何を描くべきですか。
- 箱と円筒は 人工物を描くのに 必要なものだ
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